1 Kings 19:21

Authorized King James Version

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And he returned back from him, and took a yoke of oxen, and slew them, and boiled their flesh with the instruments of the oxen, and gave unto the people, and they did eat. Then he arose, and went after Elijah, and ministered unto him.

Original Language Analysis

וַיָּ֨שָׁב And he returned back H7725
וַיָּ֨שָׁב And he returned back
Strong's: H7725
Word #: 1 of 19
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
אַֽחֲרֵ֥י after H310
אַֽחֲרֵ֥י after
Strong's: H310
Word #: 2 of 19
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
וַיִּקַּ֣ח and took H3947
וַיִּקַּ֣ח and took
Strong's: H3947
Word #: 3 of 19
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 4 of 19
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
צֶ֧מֶד a yoke H6776
צֶ֧מֶד a yoke
Strong's: H6776
Word #: 5 of 19
a yoke or team (i.e., pair); hence, an acre (i.e., day's task for a yoke of cattle to plough)
הַבָּקָר֙ of oxen H1241
הַבָּקָר֙ of oxen
Strong's: H1241
Word #: 6 of 19
a beeve or an animal of the ox family of either gender (as used for plowing); collectively, a herd
וַיִּזְבָּחֵ֗הוּ and slew H2076
וַיִּזְבָּחֵ֗הוּ and slew
Strong's: H2076
Word #: 7 of 19
to slaughter an animal (usually in sacrifice)
וּבִכְלִ֤י with the instruments H3627
וּבִכְלִ֤י with the instruments
Strong's: H3627
Word #: 8 of 19
something prepared, i.e., any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)
הַבָּקָר֙ of oxen H1241
הַבָּקָר֙ of oxen
Strong's: H1241
Word #: 9 of 19
a beeve or an animal of the ox family of either gender (as used for plowing); collectively, a herd
בִּשְּׁלָ֣ם them and boiled H1310
בִּשְּׁלָ֣ם them and boiled
Strong's: H1310
Word #: 10 of 19
properly, to boil up; hence, to be done in cooking; figuratively to ripen
הַבָּשָׂ֔ר their flesh H1320
הַבָּשָׂ֔ר their flesh
Strong's: H1320
Word #: 11 of 19
flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of a man
וַיִּתֵּ֥ן and gave H5414
וַיִּתֵּ֥ן and gave
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 12 of 19
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
לָעָ֖ם unto the people H5971
לָעָ֖ם unto the people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 13 of 19
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
וַיֹּאכֵ֑לוּ and they did eat H398
וַיֹּאכֵ֑לוּ and they did eat
Strong's: H398
Word #: 14 of 19
to eat (literally or figuratively)
וַיָּ֗קָם Then he arose H6965
וַיָּ֗קָם Then he arose
Strong's: H6965
Word #: 15 of 19
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
וַיֵּ֛לֶךְ H1980
וַיֵּ֛לֶךְ
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 16 of 19
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
אַֽחֲרֵ֥י after H310
אַֽחֲרֵ֥י after
Strong's: H310
Word #: 17 of 19
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
אֵֽלִיָּ֖הוּ Elijah H452
אֵֽלִיָּ֖הוּ Elijah
Strong's: H452
Word #: 18 of 19
elijah, the name of the famous prophet and of two other israelites
וַֽיְשָׁרְתֵֽהוּ׃ and ministered H8334
וַֽיְשָׁרְתֵֽהוּ׃ and ministered
Strong's: H8334
Word #: 19 of 19
to attend as a menial or worshipper; figuratively, to contribute to

Analysis & Commentary

And he returned back from him, and took a yoke of oxen, and slew them, and boiled their flesh with the instruments of the oxen, and gave unto the people, and they did eat. Then he arose, and went after Elijah, and ministered unto him.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of elijah flees to horeb, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. The prophetic office represents God's faithful witness even in apostasy, calling His people back to covenant faithfulness.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Elijah's ministry (c. 860-850 BCE) occurred during Ahab's reign, a time of intense spiritual crisis in Israel.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

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